Mathematical Left Angle Bracket
The mathematical angle brackets are taller and cleaner than the less-than and greater-than signs. They frame a vector or a tuple such as ⟨x, y⟩. Mathematical left angle bracket is Unicode code point U+27E8, written ⟨. Copy it with the button below and paste it anywhere text goes; the code table further down covers HTML, CSS, JavaScript and, where one exists, a Windows alt code.
| Symbol | ⟨ | |
|---|---|---|
| Unicode | U+27E8 | |
| Name | Mathematical Left Angle Bracket | |
| HTML (decimal) | ⟨ | |
| HTML (hex) | ⟨ | |
| CSS content | \27E8 | |
| JavaScript / JSON | \u27E8 | |
| UTF-8 bytes | 0xE2 0x9F 0xA8 | |
| UTF-16 units | 0x27E8 |
How do you type the mathematical left angle bracket on each platform?
| Where | How to type it |
|---|---|
| Any device | Click the ⟨ at the top of this page. It goes straight to your clipboard, and you paste it with Ctrl+V on Windows or Cmd+V on a Mac. This is the only method that behaves identically everywhere. |
| Windows | There is no short alt code for this character. Press Win and the full stop key to open the emoji and symbol panel, then use the symbols tab and search for mathematical left angle bracket. |
| macOS | Add Unicode Hex Input under Keyboard settings, switch to it, then hold Option and type 27E8. Without that input source, open the Character Viewer with Control+Command+Space and search for mathematical left angle bracket. |
| Linux and ChromeOS | Press Ctrl+Shift+U, type 27e8, then press Enter or the space bar. This works in GTK applications and with IBus. |
| Microsoft Word | Type 27E8 in the document, then press Alt and X together with the cursor immediately after the last digit. Word replaces the digits with ⟨. |
| Google Docs | Insert, then Special characters, then paste U+27E8 or type mathematical left angle bracket in the search box. You can also draw the shape in the sketch pad on the right. |
| Excel and Google Sheets | Use the formula UNICHAR(10216) in a cell. Copy the cell and paste it as a value if you want the character rather than the formula. |
| HTML | Write ⟨ or ⟨. There is no standard named entity for this character. On a page served as UTF-8 the character itself also works. |
| CSS | Use content: "\27E8" inside a ::before or ::after rule. Terminate the escape with a space if the next character is also a hexadecimal digit. |
| JavaScript | The escape \u27E8 produces this character inside a string literal, and the same escape is valid in JSON. |
More detail per platform: Windows alt codes, special characters on a Mac, special characters in Word and HTML entities.
Frequently asked questions
How do I copy the mathematical left angle bracket symbol?
Click the ⟨ above or the copy button and it is placed on your clipboard. Paste it anywhere with Ctrl+V or Cmd+V. It is a real text character, so it works in documents, chats and code.
What is the Unicode code point for mathematical left angle bracket?
The mathematical left angle bracket has the Unicode code point U+27E8. In HTML you can write it as ⟨ or ⟨.
Can I use the mathematical left angle bracket symbol in HTML and CSS?
Yes. In HTML write ⟨, and in CSS use content: "\27E8" inside a ::before or ::after rule. The code table on this page has copy buttons for both.
Related symbols
Browse the full bracket symbols hub, or return to the searchable symbol grid.